Carnaval
In this masterclass, Professor Jacques Rouvier and student Niccolò explore the piece Carnaval by Robert Schumann. Carnaval is a piece that emits a joyful atmosphere, a note that the professor emphasizes.
Rouvier discusses the importance of searching for the perfect balance between the two hands to reflect the character proposed by Robert Schumann. As Niccolò ventures through the piece, Rouvier explains how contrasts in dynamics and rhythm are inevitable when working on such a piece. Therefore, breathing and relaxing one’s muscles is vital.
Contrasting dynamics and rhythm.
Finding balance between the two hands.
Breathing and relaxation of muscles.
Playing expressively.
Pronunciation of the chords.
Schumann's Carnaval is a suite of 21 short piano pieces connected by a recurring motif of four notes: A, E-flat, C, and B. In German, E-flat can represent the letter 'S' and B can represent the letter 'H,' so this grouping of notes is believed to symbolize both Schumann’s name and the town of Asch, where his fiancée at the time was born. The overall cycle illustrates the scene and characters at a grand, masked ball - some pieces depict fictional characters from commedia dell'arte, while others are coded evocations of real individuals, including Clara Wieck, Ernestine von Fricken, Paganini, Chopin, and even the conflicting sides of Schumann’s own personality. Despite its considerable technical challenges, this stunning collection of character pieces remains one of Schumann's most programmed works.
Aim for excellence! You can improve your skills with expert advice. Download the annotated sheet music of this piano masterclass. Please note that this piece has been annotated in accordance to Jacques Rouvier’s feedback and comments.
He won two Premiers Prix (first prizes): in piano performance (1965) In chamber music (1967).
Jacques Rouvier was born in Marseilles into a family of musicians. He attended the CNSMD in Paris (Conservatoire National Supérieur de Musique et de Danse), where he was taught by Vlado Perlemuter, Pierre Sancan, and Jean Hubeau. He won first prizes in both piano and chamber music. Rouvier then decided to broaden his knowledge about wind section and leading orchestra at the CNSMD too. He owes much to Pierre Barbizet and Jean Fassina. Rouvier won several competitions such as the “Giovan Battista Viotti” International Music Competition, Maria Canal International Music Competition, the European Broadcasting Union Competition, the Long-Thibaud Competition, and the Competition of the Fondation de la Vocation. In 1970, he founded the Rouvier-Kantorow-Muller trio, with whom he still performs regularly.
Since 1979, he has taught at the CNSMD in Paris and at the Berlin University of the Arts.
Born in Zwickau, Saxony (Germany) on June 8, 1810, Robert Schumann was a renowned Romantic composer still celebrated today mainly for his orchestral works and piano compositions. Many of his most famous piano compositions were dedicated to his wife and established pianist, Clara Schumann.
Unlike many composers before him, Schumann did not come from a musical family. Despite this, Robert began learning the piano at an early age at six-years-old. As a teenager, the young musician would become heavily influenced and inspired by Austrian composer Franz Schubert as well as the German poet, Jean Paul Richter. At seventeen, Robert Schumann began composing music that same year.
In 1828, Schumann studied for a few months with famed teacher, Friedrich Wieck — leading to the faithful meeting with Wieck’s daughter Clara. A year later, the young composer left Leipzig for Heidelberg where he composed several waltzes, which were later recycled in his works Papillons (Op. 2). He practiced the piano vigorously until he became a virtuoso pianist. He would return to study with Wieck in Leipzig.
The 1830s was a time for prolific writing and composing for Robert Schumann, where many of his piano pieces were published. They included Papillons, Carnaval, and Études symphonies. Around this period, Clara and Robert would eventually marry.
Robert Schumann would go on to write Davidsbündlertänze, Phantasiestücke, Kinderszenen, Kreisleriana, Arabeske, Novelletten as well as some chamber works — a departure from his usual compositions.
By the 1840s, Robert Schumann’s works lost the magic that they once had earlier in his life. He suffered from mental illness and would have periods of severe depression and anxiety. He lived the rest of his days near Bonn and died in 1856.